ADHD Evaluation - What Happens in the First Step?

A healthcare professional who is conducting an ADHD evaluation will ask you and your family members close to you, such as a spouse, sibling or friend for adults -- about symptoms. This may provide information that questionnaires cannot.

psychology-today-logo.pngIt's more difficult to diagnose ADHD in adults, since diagnostic guidelines are developed for children. It is crucial to find an ADHD professional who will take the time to evaluate you.

Signs and symptoms

For an ADHD assessment, the first step is for the patient to discuss openly and honestly about his symptoms and how they impact his life. Adults may not want to admit that they struggle with paying attention, following directions or organizing tasks. However, getting an accurate diagnosis can help you manage symptoms and live a happier life.

The evaluator asks the person to tell them about their personal and medical history, from childhood until now. The evaluator also reviews the American Psychiatric Association's clinical guidelines for the disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).

To meet criteria for a diagnosis of ADHD, an adult must have a history of at least six established symptoms in one or both of two main categories--inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity--for six months. The symptoms must have caused significant impairments in at least two significant situations, like work or school. Additionally, the examiner must rule out other disorders that can cause similar symptoms as ADHD, such as depression, anxiety or an intellectual impairment.

A doctor may also use ADHD symptom checklists or behavioral rating scales as well as an interview to gather information about the severity of symptoms. Psychological tests that measure working memory, executive functioning skills, and spatial and visual reasoning are useful in identifying ADHD symptoms in adults. Based on the circumstances, doctors often ask for permission to contact people close to the person in order to offer valuable advice and support. For instance, they could ask for the names of spouses, parents or siblings to speak with them about the person's problems at home and at work.

A physical examination is often included in an ADHD evaluation. It can help rule other conditions that may cause similar symptoms. For instance, thyroid issues and seizures can cause symptoms that look like ADHD. The evaluator could also perform an examination of the neurological system to determine if there are any indications of brain damage or injury that could explain the symptoms. The evaluator could also suggest urine and blood tests to check for the presence of any other conditions that may hinder treatment, like depression or alcohol and substance abuse.

Diagnosis

In diagnosing ADHD, your doctor will be looking for signs that are present in different settings, like at home, school, or work. They should also last for a significant amount of time. The doctor will assess how much these symptoms impact your day-to-day life. If they cause a lot of trouble, it's likely that you or your child will meet the criteria for a diagnosis of either inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive ADHD.

To diagnose children, doctors adhere to guidelines in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fifth Edition (DSM-V). They will examine the child's symptoms and how to get an adhd diagnosis as an adult they impact their lives. They may also conduct an interview for a clinical nature. The interview will cover your child's medical background, family history, and psychiatric background. They will also ask you about the impact of your child's behavior on their daily mood, behaviors, and productivity.

For adults, it is difficult to determine a diagnosis. The DSM-V symptom guide is designed towards diagnosing children. However, there is some disagreement about whether these criteria still apply to adults. To meet the criteria for a diagnosis, an adult must have 6 or more symptoms of inattentive ADHD or 7 or more symptoms of hyperactive-impulsive ADHD. They must have these symptoms for an extended period of time and must be able to interfere with their daily activities at school, home, or work.

Besides conducting a clinical interview, your doctor could conduct other tests to determine the extent of your or the child's symptoms. These may include blood tests or an EEG. Other tests can help identify the cause of similar symptoms, for example, learning disabilities or depression.

To find an expert to evaluate your or your child's ADHD begin by asking your family physician for the referral. You can also contact your insurance company to inquire if experts who specialize in ADHD assessments for adults are covered by your insurance plan. Another option is to contact a local support group and request suggestions. You can also call a medical school or university-based hospital to get adhd diagnosis uk the list of specialists who perform ADHD assessments.

Treatment

ADHD symptoms can cause serious problems at work and in school and interfere with relationships. Finding a diagnosis and taking medication can improve functioning and reduce symptoms. People with ADHD may also have to make lifestyle changes for example, adjusting sleep schedules or using a daily planner, or increasing exercise.

A person with ADHD should see their primary care physician, psychiatrist or both to receive an assessment. During the in-person consultation, a practitioner will discuss topics such as development, family history, lifestyle and current symptoms. The practitioner will ask questions about the patient's behavior, performance and productivity, and if they are struggling with impulsive actions or focus. They will inquire about the duration of the symptoms, when they began, and from where, and how much distress they cause.

The evaluator may need to talk to other people in the life of the patient, like parents, spouses, or siblings for adults, as well as teachers, coaches and daycare providers for children. These people can provide insights that questionnaires can't give, such as the fact that the person frequently forgets or stops tasks during the course of a task. They may also be able to reveal the triggers for symptoms.

Many behavioral therapies and medicines treat ADHD. Medications may include stimulants like amphetamine as well as non-stimulant drugs such as atomoxetine (Serenade) and dexamfetamine (Vyvanse). These drugs increase blood circulation to the brain, reducing the impulsive behavior of people and enable them to pay attention and follow directions. They can be administered either orally or intravenously and are usually well tolerated.

Therapy can help those with ADHD develop strategies to compensate for the difficulties they experience. Therapists can assist people with learning techniques to manage their lives and track their appointments, as well as provide support and guidance in dealing with the effects of ADHD symptoms on family and at work. Family therapy and marriage therapy is a great method to tackle the issues caused by ADHD in relationships. It can also teach strategies for dealing with stress and assist in resolving conflict that may arise.

Medication

To determine if your child has ADHD the health care professional must consider many factors. They will inquire with your child about his or her symptoms at school, at home and in other locations. They will also use questionnaires or scales specifically designed for ADHD. They might also inquire about the family history. They will also check for other conditions that could cause the symptoms, such as mood disorders or learning disabilities. They will also evaluate the severity of the symptoms and whether they are affecting your child's daily routine.

There is no physical test that can determine ADHD. This includes blood tests and X-rays. The doctor treating your child is following guidelines set by the American Psychiatric Association to diagnose ADHD. These guidelines are aimed at children between the ages of 4 and 18. It is difficult to determine ADHD in adults. The symptoms of ADHD may change over time. People who have ADHD can be diagnosed as predominately inattentive, predominately hyperactive-impulsive or a combination of the two.

To be diagnosed with ADHD the child must exhibit 6 or more of the symptoms that are listed in the diagnostic guidelines. The guidelines also stipulate that the symptoms must be present for at least six months. If your child is being evaluated for ADHD it is essential that someone who is familiar with them interviews them. Included in this are their coaches, teachers, religious leaders, and other caregivers. They should also be asked about how the symptoms affect their daily lives and how they compare to other children their age.

i-want-great-care-logo.pngMedication is the most popular treatment option for ADHD. Both nonstimulant and stimulant medications can be prescribed to treat ADHD. Stimulants, such as amphetamine and methylphenidate, are the most frequently prescribed. These medications help to increase and balance levels of specific brain chemicals. Other medications that are used to treat ADHD include the antidepressant atomoxetine and some antipsychotics. They are less potent than stimulants, but are useful for people who are unable to take stimulants due to severe side effects or health problems. Medications can be used in conjunction with other treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy.